Bug Summary

File:root/firefox-clang/security/sandbox/chromium/base/strings/safe_sprintf.cc
Warning:line 501, column 15
Value stored to 'padding' is never read

Annotated Source Code

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clang -cc1 -cc1 -triple x86_64-pc-linux-gnu -O2 -analyze -disable-free -clear-ast-before-backend -disable-llvm-verifier -discard-value-names -main-file-name safe_sprintf.cc -analyzer-checker=core -analyzer-checker=apiModeling -analyzer-checker=unix -analyzer-checker=deadcode -analyzer-checker=cplusplus -analyzer-checker=security.insecureAPI.UncheckedReturn -analyzer-checker=security.insecureAPI.getpw -analyzer-checker=security.insecureAPI.gets -analyzer-checker=security.insecureAPI.mktemp -analyzer-checker=security.insecureAPI.mkstemp -analyzer-checker=security.insecureAPI.vfork -analyzer-checker=nullability.NullPassedToNonnull -analyzer-checker=nullability.NullReturnedFromNonnull -analyzer-output plist -w -setup-static-analyzer -analyzer-config-compatibility-mode=true -mrelocation-model pic -pic-level 2 -fhalf-no-semantic-interposition -mframe-pointer=all -relaxed-aliasing -ffp-contract=off -fno-rounding-math -mconstructor-aliases -funwind-tables=2 -target-cpu x86-64 -tune-cpu generic -debugger-tuning=gdb -fdebug-compilation-dir=/root/firefox-clang/obj-x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/security/sandbox/linux/glue -fcoverage-compilation-dir=/root/firefox-clang/obj-x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/security/sandbox/linux/glue -resource-dir /usr/lib/llvm-23/lib/clang/23 -include /root/firefox-clang/config/gcc_hidden.h -include /root/firefox-clang/obj-x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/mozilla-config.h -I /root/firefox-clang/obj-x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/dist/stl_wrappers -D _GLIBCXX_ASSERTIONS=1 -I /root/firefox-clang/obj-x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/dist/system_wrappers -U _FORTIFY_SOURCE -D _FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -D DEBUG=1 -D MOZ_HAS_MOZGLUE -D MOZILLA_INTERNAL_API -D IMPL_LIBXUL -D MOZ_SUPPORT_LEAKCHECKING -D STATIC_EXPORTABLE_JS_API -I /root/firefox-clang/security/sandbox/linux/glue -I /root/firefox-clang/obj-x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/security/sandbox/linux/glue -I /root/firefox-clang/obj-x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/ipc/ipdl/_ipdlheaders -I /root/firefox-clang/ipc/chromium/src -I /root/firefox-clang/third_party/abseil-cpp -I /root/firefox-clang/toolkit/components/telemetry -I /root/firefox-clang/xpcom/base -I /root/firefox-clang/security/sandbox/chromium -I /root/firefox-clang/security/sandbox/chromium-shim -I /root/firefox-clang/security/sandbox/chromium-shim/base/allocator/partition_allocator/src -I /root/firefox-clang/security/sandbox/chromium/base/allocator/partition_allocator/src -I /root/firefox-clang/security/sandbox/linux -I /root/firefox-clang/tools/profiler -I /root/firefox-clang/obj-x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/dist/include -I /root/firefox-clang/obj-x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/dist/include/nspr -I /root/firefox-clang/obj-x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/dist/include/nss -D MOZILLA_CLIENT -D NDEBUG -internal-isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/16/../../../../include/c++/16 -internal-isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/16/../../../../include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/16 -internal-isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/16/../../../../include/c++/16/backward -internal-isystem /usr/lib/llvm-23/lib/clang/23/include -internal-isystem /usr/local/include -internal-isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/16/../../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/include -internal-externc-isystem /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu -internal-externc-isystem /include -internal-externc-isystem /usr/include -Wno-error=pessimizing-move -Wno-error=large-by-value-copy=128 -Wno-error=implicit-int-float-conversion -Wno-error=thread-safety-analysis -Wno-error=tautological-type-limit-compare -Wno-invalid-offsetof -Wno-range-loop-analysis -Wno-deprecated-anon-enum-enum-conversion -Wno-deprecated-enum-enum-conversion -Wno-inline-new-delete -Wno-error=deprecated-declarations -Wno-error=array-bounds -Wno-error=free-nonheap-object -Wno-error=atomic-alignment -Wno-error=deprecated-builtins -Wno-psabi -Wno-error=builtin-macro-redefined -Wno-vla-cxx-extension -Wno-unknown-warning-option -Wno-character-conversion -std=gnu++20 -fdeprecated-macro -ferror-limit 19 -fstrict-flex-arrays=1 -stack-protector 2 -fstack-clash-protection -ftrivial-auto-var-init=pattern -fno-rtti -fgnuc-version=4.2.1 -fno-implicit-modules -fskip-odr-check-in-gmf -fno-sized-deallocation -fno-aligned-allocation -fdiagnostics-absolute-paths -vectorize-loops -vectorize-slp -analyzer-checker optin.performance.Padding -analyzer-output=html -analyzer-config stable-report-filename=true -mllvm -dwarf-linkage-names=Abstract -faddrsig -fdwarf2-cfi-asm -o /tmp/scan-build-2026-09-01-224014-2642839-1 -x c++ /root/firefox-clang/security/sandbox/chromium/base/strings/safe_sprintf.cc
1// Copyright 2013 The Chromium Authors
2// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
3// found in the LICENSE file.
4
5#include "base/strings/safe_sprintf.h"
6
7#include <errno(*__errno_location ()).h>
8#include <string.h>
9
10#include <algorithm>
11#include <limits>
12
13#include "base/compiler_specific.h"
14#include "base/memory/raw_ptr.h"
15#include "build/build_config.h"
16
17#if !defined(NDEBUG1)
18// In debug builds, we use RAW_CHECK() to print useful error messages, if
19// SafeSPrintf() is called with broken arguments.
20// As our contract promises that SafeSPrintf() can be called from any
21// restricted run-time context, it is not actually safe to call logging
22// functions from it; and we only ever do so for debug builds and hope for the
23// best. We should _never_ call any logging function other than RAW_CHECK(),
24// and we should _never_ include any logging code that is active in production
25// builds. Most notably, we should not include these logging functions in
26// unofficial release builds, even though those builds would otherwise have
27// DCHECKS() enabled.
28// In other words; please do not remove the #ifdef around this #include.
29// Instead, in production builds we opt for returning a degraded result,
30// whenever an error is encountered.
31// E.g. The broken function call
32// SafeSPrintf("errno = %d (%x)", errno, strerror(errno))
33// will print something like
34// errno = 13, (%x)
35// instead of
36// errno = 13 (Access denied)
37// In most of the anticipated use cases, that's probably the preferred
38// behavior.
39#include "base/check.h"
40#define DEBUG_CHECK RAW_CHECK
41#else
42#define DEBUG_CHECK(x)do { if (x) { } } while (0) \
43 do { \
44 if (x) { \
45 } \
46 } while (0)
47#endif
48
49namespace base::strings {
50
51// The code in this file is extremely careful to be async-signal-safe.
52//
53// Most obviously, we avoid calling any code that could dynamically allocate
54// memory. Doing so would almost certainly result in bugs and dead-locks.
55// We also avoid calling any other STL functions that could have unintended
56// side-effects involving memory allocation or access to other shared
57// resources.
58//
59// But on top of that, we also avoid calling other library functions, as many
60// of them have the side-effect of calling getenv() (in order to deal with
61// localization) or accessing errno. The latter sounds benign, but there are
62// several execution contexts where it isn't even possible to safely read let
63// alone write errno.
64//
65// The stated design goal of the SafeSPrintf() function is that it can be
66// called from any context that can safely call C or C++ code (i.e. anything
67// that doesn't require assembly code).
68//
69// For a brief overview of some but not all of the issues with async-signal-
70// safety, refer to:
71// http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/xsh_chap02_04.html
72
73namespace {
74const size_t kSSizeMaxConst = ((size_t)(ssize_t)-1) >> 1;
75
76const char kUpCaseHexDigits[] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
77const char kDownCaseHexDigits[] = "0123456789abcdef";
78} // namespace
79
80#if defined(NDEBUG1)
81// We would like to define kSSizeMax as std::numeric_limits<ssize_t>::max(),
82// but C++ doesn't allow us to do that for constants. Instead, we have to
83// use careful casting and shifting. We later use a static_assert to
84// verify that this worked correctly.
85namespace {
86const size_t kSSizeMax = kSSizeMaxConst;
87}
88#else // defined(NDEBUG)
89// For efficiency, we really need kSSizeMax to be a constant. But for unit
90// tests, it should be adjustable. This allows us to verify edge cases without
91// having to fill the entire available address space. As a compromise, we make
92// kSSizeMax adjustable in debug builds, and then only compile that particular
93// part of the unit test in debug builds.
94namespace {
95static size_t kSSizeMax = kSSizeMaxConst;
96}
97
98namespace internal {
99void SetSafeSPrintfSSizeMaxForTest(size_t max) {
100 kSSizeMax = max;
101}
102
103size_t GetSafeSPrintfSSizeMaxForTest() {
104 return kSSizeMax;
105}
106} // namespace internal
107#endif // defined(NDEBUG)
108
109namespace {
110class Buffer {
111 public:
112 // |buffer| is caller-allocated storage that SafeSPrintf() writes to. It
113 // has |size| bytes of writable storage. It is the caller's responsibility
114 // to ensure that the buffer is at least one byte in size, so that it fits
115 // the trailing NUL that will be added by the destructor. The buffer also
116 // must be smaller or equal to kSSizeMax in size.
117 Buffer(char* buffer, size_t size) : buffer_(buffer), size_(size - 1) {
118// MSVS2013's standard library doesn't mark max() as constexpr yet. cl.exe
119// supports static_cast but doesn't really implement constexpr yet so it doesn't
120// complain, but clang does.
121#if __cplusplus202002L >= 201103 && !(defined(__clang__1) && BUILDFLAG(IS_WIN)((0)))
122 static_assert(kSSizeMaxConst ==
123 static_cast<size_t>(std::numeric_limits<ssize_t>::max()),
124 "kSSizeMaxConst should be the max value of an ssize_t");
125#endif
126 DEBUG_CHECK(size > 0)do { if (size > 0) { } } while (0);
127 DEBUG_CHECK(size <= kSSizeMax)do { if (size <= kSSizeMax) { } } while (0);
128 }
129
130 Buffer(const Buffer&) = delete;
131 Buffer& operator=(const Buffer&) = delete;
132
133 ~Buffer() {
134 // The code calling the constructor guaranteed that there was enough space
135 // to store a trailing NUL -- and in debug builds, we are actually
136 // verifying this with DEBUG_CHECK()s in the constructor. So, we can
137 // always unconditionally write the NUL byte in the destructor. We do not
138 // need to adjust the count_, as SafeSPrintf() copies snprintf() in not
139 // including the NUL byte in its return code.
140 *GetInsertionPoint() = '\000';
141 }
142
143 // Returns true, iff the buffer is filled all the way to |kSSizeMax-1|. The
144 // caller can now stop adding more data, as GetCount() has reached its
145 // maximum possible value.
146 inline bool OutOfAddressableSpace() const {
147 return count_ == static_cast<size_t>(kSSizeMax - 1);
148 }
149
150 // Returns the number of bytes that would have been emitted to |buffer_|
151 // if it was sized sufficiently large. This number can be larger than
152 // |size_|, if the caller provided an insufficiently large output buffer.
153 // But it will never be bigger than |kSSizeMax-1|.
154 inline ssize_t GetCount() const {
155 DEBUG_CHECK(count_ < kSSizeMax)do { if (count_ < kSSizeMax) { } } while (0);
156 return static_cast<ssize_t>(count_);
157 }
158
159 // Emits one |ch| character into the |buffer_| and updates the |count_| of
160 // characters that are currently supposed to be in the buffer.
161 // Returns "false", iff the buffer was already full.
162 // N.B. |count_| increases even if no characters have been written. This is
163 // needed so that GetCount() can return the number of bytes that should
164 // have been allocated for the |buffer_|.
165 inline bool Out(char ch) {
166 if (size_ >= 1 && count_ < size_) {
167 UNSAFE_TODO(buffer_[count_] = ch)clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin buffer_[count_] = ch clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
;
168 return IncrementCountByOne();
169 }
170 // |count_| still needs to be updated, even if the buffer has been
171 // filled completely. This allows SafeSPrintf() to return the number of
172 // bytes that should have been emitted.
173 IncrementCountByOne();
174 return false;
175 }
176
177 // Inserts |padding|-|len| bytes worth of padding into the |buffer_|.
178 // |count_| will also be incremented by the number of bytes that were meant
179 // to be emitted. The |pad| character is typically either a ' ' space
180 // or a '0' zero, but other non-NUL values are legal.
181 // Returns "false", iff the |buffer_| filled up (i.e. |count_|
182 // overflowed |size_|) at any time during padding.
183 inline bool Pad(char pad, size_t padding, size_t len) {
184 DEBUG_CHECK(pad)do { if (pad) { } } while (0);
185 DEBUG_CHECK(padding <= kSSizeMax)do { if (padding <= kSSizeMax) { } } while (0);
186 for (; padding > len; --padding) {
187 if (!Out(pad)) {
188 if (--padding) {
189 IncrementCount(padding - len);
190 }
191 return false;
192 }
193 }
194 return true;
195 }
196
197 // POSIX doesn't define any async-signal-safe function for converting
198 // an integer to ASCII. Define our own version.
199 //
200 // This also gives us the ability to make the function a little more
201 // powerful and have it deal with |padding|, with truncation, and with
202 // predicting the length of the untruncated output.
203 //
204 // IToASCII() converts an integer |i| to ASCII.
205 //
206 // Unlike similar functions in the standard C library, it never appends a
207 // NUL character. This is left for the caller to do.
208 //
209 // While the function signature takes a signed int64_t, the code decides at
210 // run-time whether to treat the argument as signed (int64_t) or as unsigned
211 // (uint64_t) based on the value of |sign|.
212 //
213 // It supports |base|s 2 through 16. Only a |base| of 10 is allowed to have
214 // a |sign|. Otherwise, |i| is treated as unsigned.
215 //
216 // For bases larger than 10, |upcase| decides whether lower-case or upper-
217 // case letters should be used to designate digits greater than 10.
218 //
219 // Padding can be done with either '0' zeros or ' ' spaces. Padding has to
220 // be positive and will always be applied to the left of the output.
221 //
222 // Prepends a |prefix| to the number (e.g. "0x"). This prefix goes to
223 // the left of |padding|, if |pad| is '0'; and to the right of |padding|
224 // if |pad| is ' '.
225 //
226 // Returns "false", if the |buffer_| overflowed at any time.
227 bool IToASCII(bool sign,
228 bool upcase,
229 int64_t i,
230 size_t base,
231 char pad,
232 size_t padding,
233 const char* prefix);
234
235 private:
236 // Increments |count_| by |inc| unless this would cause |count_| to
237 // overflow |kSSizeMax-1|. Returns "false", iff an overflow was detected;
238 // it then clamps |count_| to |kSSizeMax-1|.
239 inline bool IncrementCount(size_t inc) {
240 // "inc" is either 1 or a "padding" value. Padding is clamped at
241 // run-time to at most kSSizeMax-1. So, we know that "inc" is always in
242 // the range 1..kSSizeMax-1.
243 // This allows us to compute "kSSizeMax - 1 - inc" without incurring any
244 // integer overflows.
245 DEBUG_CHECK(inc <= kSSizeMax - 1)do { if (inc <= kSSizeMax - 1) { } } while (0);
246 if (count_ > kSSizeMax - 1 - inc) {
247 count_ = kSSizeMax - 1;
248 return false;
249 }
250 count_ += inc;
251 return true;
252 }
253
254 // Convenience method for the common case of incrementing |count_| by one.
255 inline bool IncrementCountByOne() { return IncrementCount(1); }
256
257 // Return the current insertion point into the buffer. This is typically
258 // at |buffer_| + |count_|, but could be before that if truncation
259 // happened. It always points to one byte past the last byte that was
260 // successfully placed into the |buffer_|.
261 inline char* GetInsertionPoint() const {
262 size_t idx = count_;
263 if (idx > size_) {
264 idx = size_;
265 }
266 // SAFETY: idx checked against size_ above.
267 return UNSAFE_BUFFERS(buffer_ + idx)clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin buffer_ + idx clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
;
268 }
269
270 // User-provided buffer that will receive the fully formatted output string.
271 raw_ptr<char, AllowPtrArithmetic> buffer_;
272
273 // Number of bytes that are available in the buffer excluding the trailing
274 // NUL byte that will be added by the destructor.
275 const size_t size_;
276
277 // Number of bytes that would have been emitted to the buffer, if the buffer
278 // was sufficiently big. This number always excludes the trailing NUL byte
279 // and it is guaranteed to never grow bigger than kSSizeMax-1.
280 size_t count_ = 0;
281};
282
283bool Buffer::IToASCII(bool sign,
284 bool upcase,
285 int64_t i,
286 size_t base,
287 char pad,
288 size_t padding,
289 const char* prefix) {
290 // Sanity check for parameters. None of these should ever fail, but see
291 // above for the rationale why we can't call CHECK().
292 DEBUG_CHECK(base >= 2)do { if (base >= 2) { } } while (0);
293 DEBUG_CHECK(base <= 16)do { if (base <= 16) { } } while (0);
294 DEBUG_CHECK(!sign || base == 10)do { if (!sign || base == 10) { } } while (0);
295 DEBUG_CHECK(pad == '0' || pad == ' ')do { if (pad == '0' || pad == ' ') { } } while (0);
296 DEBUG_CHECK(padding <= kSSizeMax)do { if (padding <= kSSizeMax) { } } while (0);
297 DEBUG_CHECK(!(sign && prefix && *prefix))do { if (!(sign && prefix && *prefix)) { } } while
(0)
;
298
299 // Handle negative numbers, if the caller indicated that |i| should be
300 // treated as a signed number; otherwise treat |i| as unsigned (even if the
301 // MSB is set!)
302 // Details are tricky, because of limited data-types, but equivalent pseudo-
303 // code would look like:
304 // if (sign && i < 0)
305 // prefix = "-";
306 // num = abs(i);
307 size_t minint = 0;
308 uint64_t num;
309 if (sign && i < 0) {
310 prefix = "-";
311
312 // Turn our number positive.
313 if (i == std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::min()) {
314 // The most negative integer needs special treatment.
315 minint = 1;
316 num = static_cast<uint64_t>(-(i + 1));
317 } else {
318 // "Normal" negative numbers are easy.
319 num = static_cast<uint64_t>(-i);
320 }
321 } else {
322 num = static_cast<uint64_t>(i);
323 }
324
325 // If padding with '0' zero, emit the prefix or '-' character now. Otherwise,
326 // make the prefix accessible in reverse order, so that we can later output
327 // it right between padding and the number.
328 // We cannot choose the easier approach of just reversing the number, as that
329 // fails in situations where we need to truncate numbers that have padding
330 // and/or prefixes.
331 const char* reverse_prefix = nullptr;
332 if (prefix && *prefix) {
333 if (pad == '0') {
334 while (*prefix) {
335 if (padding) {
336 --padding;
337 }
338 UNSAFE_TODO(Out(*prefix++))clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin Out(*prefix++) clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
;
339 }
340 prefix = nullptr;
341 } else {
342 for (reverse_prefix = prefix; *reverse_prefix;
343 UNSAFE_TODO(++reverse_prefix)clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin ++reverse_prefix clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
) {
344 }
345 }
346 } else {
347 prefix = nullptr;
348 }
349 const size_t prefix_length = static_cast<size_t>(reverse_prefix - prefix);
350
351 // Loop until we have converted the entire number. Output at least one
352 // character (i.e. '0').
353 size_t start = count_;
354 size_t discarded = 0;
355 bool started = false;
356 do {
357 // Make sure there is still enough space left in our output buffer.
358 if (count_ >= size_) {
359 if (start < size_) {
360 // It is rare that we need to output a partial number. But if asked
361 // to do so, we will still make sure we output the correct number of
362 // leading digits.
363 // Since we are generating the digits in reverse order, we actually
364 // have to discard digits in the order that we have already emitted
365 // them. This is essentially equivalent to:
366 // memmove(buffer_ + start, buffer_ + start + 1, size_ - start - 1)
367 // SAFETY: start checked against size_ above.
368 for (char *move = UNSAFE_BUFFERS(buffer_ + start)clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin buffer_ + start clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
,
369 *end = UNSAFE_BUFFERS(buffer_ + size_ - 1)clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin buffer_ + size_ - 1 clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
;
370 move < end; UNSAFE_TODO(++move)clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin ++move clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
) {
371 *move = UNSAFE_TODO(move[1])clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin move[1] clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
;
372 }
373 ++discarded;
374 --count_;
375 } else if (count_ - size_ > 1) {
376 // Need to increment either |count_| or |discarded| to make progress.
377 // The latter is more efficient, as it eventually triggers fast
378 // handling of padding. But we have to ensure we don't accidentally
379 // change the overall state (i.e. switch the state-machine from
380 // discarding to non-discarding). |count_| needs to always stay
381 // bigger than |size_|.
382 --count_;
383 ++discarded;
384 }
385 }
386
387 // Output the next digit and (if necessary) compensate for the most
388 // negative integer needing special treatment. This works because,
389 // no matter the bit width of the integer, the lowest-most decimal
390 // integer always ends in 2, 4, 6, or 8.
391 if (!num && started) {
392 if (reverse_prefix > prefix) {
393 UNSAFE_TODO(Out(*--reverse_prefix))clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin Out(*--reverse_prefix) clang
unsafe_buffer_usage end
;
394 } else {
395 Out(pad);
396 }
397 } else {
398 started = true;
399 UNSAFE_TODO(Out((upcase ? kUpCaseHexDigitsclang unsafe_buffer_usage begin Out((upcase ? kUpCaseHexDigits
: kDownCaseHexDigits)[num % base + minint]) clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
400 : kDownCaseHexDigits)[num % base + minint]))clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin Out((upcase ? kUpCaseHexDigits
: kDownCaseHexDigits)[num % base + minint]) clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
;
401 }
402
403 minint = 0;
404 num /= base;
405
406 // Add padding, if requested.
407 if (padding > 0) {
408 --padding;
409
410 // Performance optimization for when we are asked to output excessive
411 // padding, but our output buffer is limited in size. Even if we output
412 // a 64bit number in binary, we would never write more than 64 plus
413 // prefix non-padding characters. So, once this limit has been passed,
414 // any further state change can be computed arithmetically; we know that
415 // by this time, our entire final output consists of padding characters
416 // that have all already been output.
417 if (discarded > 8 * sizeof(num) + prefix_length) {
418 IncrementCount(padding);
419 padding = 0;
420 }
421 }
422 } while (num || padding || (reverse_prefix > prefix));
423
424 if (start < size_) {
425 // Conversion to ASCII actually resulted in the digits being in reverse
426 // order. We can't easily generate them in forward order, as we can't tell
427 // the number of characters needed until we are done converting.
428 // So, now, we reverse the string (except for the possible '-' sign).
429 // SAFETY: start checked against size_ above.
430 char* front = UNSAFE_BUFFERS(buffer_ + start)clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin buffer_ + start clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
;
431 char* back = GetInsertionPoint();
432 UNSAFE_TODO({clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin { while (--back > front) {
char ch = *back; *back = *front; *front++ = ch; } } clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
433 while (--back > front) {clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin { while (--back > front) {
char ch = *back; *back = *front; *front++ = ch; } } clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
434 char ch = *back;clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin { while (--back > front) {
char ch = *back; *back = *front; *front++ = ch; } } clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
435 *back = *front;clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin { while (--back > front) {
char ch = *back; *back = *front; *front++ = ch; } } clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
436 *front++ = ch;clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin { while (--back > front) {
char ch = *back; *back = *front; *front++ = ch; } } clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
437 }clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin { while (--back > front) {
char ch = *back; *back = *front; *front++ = ch; } } clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
438 })clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin { while (--back > front) {
char ch = *back; *back = *front; *front++ = ch; } } clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
;
439 }
440 IncrementCount(discarded);
441 return !discarded;
442}
443
444} // anonymous namespace
445
446namespace internal {
447
448ssize_t SafeSNPrintf(char* buf,
449 size_t sz,
450 const char* fmt,
451 const Arg* args,
452 const size_t max_args) {
453 // Make sure that at least one NUL byte can be written, and that the buffer
454 // never overflows kSSizeMax. Not only does that use up most or all of the
455 // address space, it also would result in a return code that cannot be
456 // represented.
457 if (static_cast<ssize_t>(sz) < 1) {
458 return -1;
459 }
460 sz = std::min(sz, kSSizeMax);
461
462 // Iterate over format string and interpret '%' arguments as they are
463 // encountered.
464 Buffer buffer(buf, sz);
465 size_t padding;
466 char pad;
467 for (unsigned int cur_arg = 0; *fmt && !buffer.OutOfAddressableSpace();) {
468 if (UNSAFE_TODO(*fmt++)clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin *fmt++ clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
== '%') {
469 padding = 0;
470 pad = ' ';
471 char ch = UNSAFE_TODO(*fmt++)clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin *fmt++ clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
;
472 format_character_found:
473 switch (ch) {
474 case '0':
475 case '1':
476 case '2':
477 case '3':
478 case '4':
479 case '5':
480 case '6':
481 case '7':
482 case '8':
483 case '9':
484 // Found a width parameter. Convert to an integer value and store in
485 // "padding". If the leading digit is a zero, change the padding
486 // character from a space ' ' to a zero '0'.
487 pad = ch == '0' ? '0' : ' ';
488 for (;;) {
489 const size_t digit = static_cast<size_t>(ch - '0');
490 // The maximum allowed padding fills all the available address
491 // space and leaves just enough space to insert the trailing NUL.
492 const size_t max_padding = kSSizeMax - 1;
493 if (padding > max_padding / 10 ||
494 10 * padding > max_padding - digit) {
495 DEBUG_CHECK(padding <= max_padding / 10 &&do { if (padding <= max_padding / 10 && 10 * padding
<= max_padding - digit) { } } while (0)
496 10 * padding <= max_padding - digit)do { if (padding <= max_padding / 10 && 10 * padding
<= max_padding - digit) { } } while (0)
;
497 // Integer overflow detected. Skip the rest of the width until
498 // we find the format character, then do the normal error
499 // handling.
500 padding_overflow:
501 padding = max_padding;
Value stored to 'padding' is never read
502 while ((ch = UNSAFE_TODO(*fmt++)clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin *fmt++ clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
) >= '0' && ch <= '9') {
503 }
504 if (cur_arg < max_args) {
505 ++cur_arg;
506 }
507 goto fail_to_expand;
508 }
509 padding = 10 * padding + digit;
510 if (padding > max_padding) {
511 // This doesn't happen for "sane" values of kSSizeMax. But once
512 // kSSizeMax gets smaller than about 10, our earlier range checks
513 // are incomplete. Unittests do trigger this artificial corner
514 // case.
515 DEBUG_CHECK(padding <= max_padding)do { if (padding <= max_padding) { } } while (0);
516 goto padding_overflow;
517 }
518 ch = UNSAFE_TODO(*fmt++)clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin *fmt++ clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
;
519 if (ch < '0' || ch > '9') {
520 // Reached the end of the width parameter. This is where the
521 // format character is found.
522 goto format_character_found;
523 }
524 }
525 case 'c': { // Output an ASCII character.
526 // Check that there are arguments left to be inserted.
527 if (cur_arg >= max_args) {
528 DEBUG_CHECK(cur_arg < max_args)do { if (cur_arg < max_args) { } } while (0);
529 goto fail_to_expand;
530 }
531
532 // Check that the argument has the expected type.
533 const Arg& arg = UNSAFE_TODO(args[cur_arg++])clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin args[cur_arg++] clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
;
534 if (arg.type != Arg::INT && arg.type != Arg::UINT) {
535 DEBUG_CHECK(arg.type == Arg::INT || arg.type == Arg::UINT)do { if (arg.type == Arg::INT || arg.type == Arg::UINT) { } }
while (0)
;
536 goto fail_to_expand;
537 }
538
539 // Apply padding, if needed.
540 buffer.Pad(' ', padding, 1);
541
542 // Convert the argument to an ASCII character and output it.
543 char as_char = static_cast<char>(arg.integer.i);
544 if (!as_char) {
545 goto end_of_output_buffer;
546 }
547 buffer.Out(as_char);
548 break;
549 }
550 case 'd': // Output a possibly signed decimal value.
551 case 'o': // Output an unsigned octal value.
552 case 'x': // Output an unsigned hexadecimal value.
553 case 'X':
554 case 'p': { // Output a pointer value.
555 // Check that there are arguments left to be inserted.
556 if (cur_arg >= max_args) {
557 DEBUG_CHECK(cur_arg < max_args)do { if (cur_arg < max_args) { } } while (0);
558 goto fail_to_expand;
559 }
560
561 const Arg& arg = UNSAFE_TODO(args[cur_arg++])clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin args[cur_arg++] clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
;
562 int64_t i;
563 const char* prefix = nullptr;
564 if (ch != 'p') {
565 // Check that the argument has the expected type.
566 if (arg.type != Arg::INT && arg.type != Arg::UINT) {
567 DEBUG_CHECK(arg.type == Arg::INT || arg.type == Arg::UINT)do { if (arg.type == Arg::INT || arg.type == Arg::UINT) { } }
while (0)
;
568 goto fail_to_expand;
569 }
570 i = arg.integer.i;
571
572 if (ch != 'd') {
573 // The Arg() constructor automatically performed sign expansion on
574 // signed parameters. This is great when outputting a %d decimal
575 // number, but can result in unexpected leading 0xFF bytes when
576 // outputting a %x hexadecimal number. Mask bits, if necessary.
577 // We have to do this here, instead of in the Arg() constructor,
578 // as the Arg() constructor cannot tell whether we will output a
579 // %d or a %x. Only the latter should experience masking.
580 if (arg.integer.width < sizeof(int64_t)) {
581 i &= (1LL << (8 * arg.integer.width)) - 1;
582 }
583 }
584 } else {
585 // Pointer values require an actual pointer or a string.
586 if (arg.type == Arg::POINTER) {
587 i = static_cast<int64_t>(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(arg.ptr));
588 } else if (arg.type == Arg::STRING) {
589 i = static_cast<int64_t>(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(arg.str));
590 } else if (arg.type == Arg::INT &&
591 arg.integer.width == sizeof(NULL__null) &&
592 arg.integer.i == 0) { // Allow C++'s version of NULL
593 i = 0;
594 } else {
595 DEBUG_CHECK(arg.type == Arg::POINTER || arg.type == Arg::STRING)do { if (arg.type == Arg::POINTER || arg.type == Arg::STRING)
{ } } while (0)
;
596 goto fail_to_expand;
597 }
598
599 // Pointers always include the "0x" prefix.
600 prefix = "0x";
601 }
602
603 // Use IToASCII() to convert to ASCII representation. For decimal
604 // numbers, optionally print a sign. For hexadecimal numbers,
605 // distinguish between upper and lower case. %p addresses are always
606 // printed as upcase. Supports base 8, 10, and 16. Prints padding
607 // and/or prefixes, if so requested.
608 buffer.IToASCII(ch == 'd' && arg.type == Arg::INT, ch != 'x', i,
609 ch == 'o' ? 8
610 : ch == 'd' ? 10
611 : 16,
612 pad, padding, prefix);
613 break;
614 }
615 case 's': {
616 // Check that there are arguments left to be inserted.
617 if (cur_arg >= max_args) {
618 DEBUG_CHECK(cur_arg < max_args)do { if (cur_arg < max_args) { } } while (0);
619 goto fail_to_expand;
620 }
621
622 // Check that the argument has the expected type.
623 const Arg& arg = UNSAFE_TODO(args[cur_arg++])clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin args[cur_arg++] clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
;
624 const char* s;
625 if (arg.type == Arg::STRING) {
626 s = arg.str ? arg.str : "<NULL>";
627 } else if (arg.type == Arg::INT &&
628 arg.integer.width == sizeof(NULL__null) &&
629 arg.integer.i == 0) { // Allow C++'s version of NULL
630 s = "<NULL>";
631 } else {
632 DEBUG_CHECK(arg.type == Arg::STRING)do { if (arg.type == Arg::STRING) { } } while (0);
633 goto fail_to_expand;
634 }
635
636 // Apply padding, if needed. This requires us to first check the
637 // length of the string that we are outputting.
638 if (padding) {
639 size_t len = 0;
640 for (const char* src = s; UNSAFE_TODO(*src++)clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin *src++ clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
;) {
641 ++len;
642 }
643 buffer.Pad(' ', padding, len);
644 }
645
646 // Printing a string involves nothing more than copying it into the
647 // output buffer and making sure we don't output more bytes than
648 // available space; Out() takes care of doing that.
649 for (const char* src = s; *src;) {
650 buffer.Out(UNSAFE_TODO(*src++)clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin *src++ clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
);
651 }
652 break;
653 }
654 case '%':
655 // Quoted percent '%' character.
656 goto copy_verbatim;
657 fail_to_expand:
658 // C++ gives us tools to do type checking -- something that snprintf()
659 // could never really do. So, whenever we see arguments that don't
660 // match up with the format string, we refuse to output them. But
661 // since we have to be extremely conservative about being async-
662 // signal-safe, we are limited in the type of error handling that we
663 // can do in production builds (in debug builds we can use
664 // DEBUG_CHECK() and hope for the best). So, all we do is pass the
665 // format string unchanged. That should eventually get the user's
666 // attention; and in the meantime, it hopefully doesn't lose too much
667 // data.
668 default:
669 // Unknown or unsupported format character. Just copy verbatim to
670 // output.
671 buffer.Out('%');
672 DEBUG_CHECK(ch)do { if (ch) { } } while (0);
673 if (!ch) {
674 goto end_of_format_string;
675 }
676 buffer.Out(ch);
677 break;
678 }
679 } else {
680 copy_verbatim:
681 buffer.Out(UNSAFE_TODO(fmt[-1])clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin fmt[-1] clang unsafe_buffer_usage
end
);
682 }
683 }
684end_of_format_string:
685end_of_output_buffer:
686 return buffer.GetCount();
687}
688
689} // namespace internal
690
691ssize_t SafeSNPrintf(char* buf, size_t sz, const char* fmt) {
692 // Make sure that at least one NUL byte can be written, and that the buffer
693 // never overflows kSSizeMax. Not only does that use up most or all of the
694 // address space, it also would result in a return code that cannot be
695 // represented.
696 if (static_cast<ssize_t>(sz) < 1) {
697 return -1;
698 }
699 sz = std::min(sz, kSSizeMax);
700
701 Buffer buffer(buf, sz);
702
703 // In the slow-path, we deal with errors by copying the contents of
704 // "fmt" unexpanded. This means, if there are no arguments passed, the
705 // SafeSPrintf() function always degenerates to a version of strncpy() that
706 // de-duplicates '%' characters.
707 const char* src = fmt;
708 UNSAFE_TODO({clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin { for (; *src; ++src) { buffer
.Out(*src); do { if (src[0] != '%' || src[1] == '%') { } } while
(0); if (src[0] == '%' && src[1] == '%') { ++src; } }
} clang unsafe_buffer_usage end
709 for (; *src; ++src) {clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin { for (; *src; ++src) { buffer
.Out(*src); do { if (src[0] != '%' || src[1] == '%') { } } while
(0); if (src[0] == '%' && src[1] == '%') { ++src; } }
} clang unsafe_buffer_usage end
710 buffer.Out(*src);clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin { for (; *src; ++src) { buffer
.Out(*src); do { if (src[0] != '%' || src[1] == '%') { } } while
(0); if (src[0] == '%' && src[1] == '%') { ++src; } }
} clang unsafe_buffer_usage end
711 DEBUG_CHECK(src[0] != '%' || src[1] == '%');clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin { for (; *src; ++src) { buffer
.Out(*src); do { if (src[0] != '%' || src[1] == '%') { } } while
(0); if (src[0] == '%' && src[1] == '%') { ++src; } }
} clang unsafe_buffer_usage end
712 if (src[0] == '%' && src[1] == '%') {clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin { for (; *src; ++src) { buffer
.Out(*src); do { if (src[0] != '%' || src[1] == '%') { } } while
(0); if (src[0] == '%' && src[1] == '%') { ++src; } }
} clang unsafe_buffer_usage end
713 ++src;clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin { for (; *src; ++src) { buffer
.Out(*src); do { if (src[0] != '%' || src[1] == '%') { } } while
(0); if (src[0] == '%' && src[1] == '%') { ++src; } }
} clang unsafe_buffer_usage end
714 }clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin { for (; *src; ++src) { buffer
.Out(*src); do { if (src[0] != '%' || src[1] == '%') { } } while
(0); if (src[0] == '%' && src[1] == '%') { ++src; } }
} clang unsafe_buffer_usage end
715 }clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin { for (; *src; ++src) { buffer
.Out(*src); do { if (src[0] != '%' || src[1] == '%') { } } while
(0); if (src[0] == '%' && src[1] == '%') { ++src; } }
} clang unsafe_buffer_usage end
716 })clang unsafe_buffer_usage begin { for (; *src; ++src) { buffer
.Out(*src); do { if (src[0] != '%' || src[1] == '%') { } } while
(0); if (src[0] == '%' && src[1] == '%') { ++src; } }
} clang unsafe_buffer_usage end
;
717 return buffer.GetCount();
718}
719
720} // namespace base::strings